The World Health Organization has warned that there has been a troubling increase in stroke attacks among young people.
According to foreign media, stroke is a serious cardiovascular disease and the third leading cause of death worldwide. Its consequences can be devastating, including paralysis of the body or various organs and cognitive impairment.
Although historically this disease has affected older adults, recent research shows that cases among young people are rapidly increasing.
Experts say this trend is alarming and understanding its causes is essential.
What is a stroke, and how much has the risk increased?
According to the World Health Organization, a stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off, depriving brain cells of oxygen and nutrients. This results in cell death and disability.
In 2021, stroke, along with ischemic heart disease and COVID-19, was among the leading causes of death globally. Even today, about one in every ten people worldwide dies due to stroke.
A recent report issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has highlighted a troubling trend in this regard.
According to the report, between 2013 and 2019, deaths caused by stroke among Americans aged 45 to 64 increased by 19%.
A new study published in the journal The Lancet Neurology has confirmed this, finding that while stroke rates have declined among adults over 70, they have increased among young adults, particularly those under 55.
Dr. Omoiyi Emuisi, the lead author of the CDC study, said it is important to understand that stroke can occur at any age. There has been an increase in stroke prevalence among individuals aged 18 to 44.
Although young adults still account for a smaller portion of overall stroke cases, the rate among these younger groups is rising rapidly. Experts have identified several reasons for this, which are as follows:
1. Rising role of obesity:
Since 1990, the contribution of obesity to global stroke risk has increased by 88%. Excess weight puts pressure on the heart and blood vessels, leading to high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol. These conditions promote plaque buildup in arteries, obstructing blood flow and increasing the risk of blood clots and stroke.
2. Consumption of sugary drinks:
Studies have linked rising stroke cases to the increased intake of sugar sweetened beverages. High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels, causing inflammation and formation of blood clots.
3. Air pollution:
Globally, about 30% of stroke cases are attributed to air pollution, including both outdoor and indoor sources such as burning fuel in homes.
4. Extreme temperatures:
According to the Lancet study, the effects of high temperatures have increased by 72%. Although high temperatures are concerning, extreme temperatures at both ends can affect stroke risk. Recent studies show that cold temperatures may have a greater impact than heat.
5. Poor diabetes control:
The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes among young adults has contributed to the increase in stroke cases. Diabetes leads to high cholesterol, high blood sugar, and high blood pressure all major stroke risk factors. According to the Lancet study, high blood pressure remains the single biggest global risk factor for stroke, accounting for more than half of all cases.
